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Information on Madrid Province

Origins of Madrid Province

During the Roman era Madrid was only a transit town, although Complutum, now Alcalá de Henares, held a lot of power as the Episcopal Seat in the 5th century, and was the focal point of culture during the Spanish Golden Age.

During the invasion by the Moors, the centre "Magerit” (meaning “land rich in water” in Arabic) was established because of its strategic defensive location with regard to the passing of Christians to Toledo. During that period the city was overshadowed by other more important cities such as Cordoba and Toledo.

Around the middle of the 11th century, two centuries after the “Alcázar” (Fortress) was built, Madrid reached its climax of Islamic splendour. The market, located outside the fortress, acquired great fame.

In 1083 Alfonso VI and his soldiers took the small fortified city of Madrid, expelling the Moors, and the city therefore fell into Christian hands.

In 1123 Madrid became a “Villa”, and in 1561 Felipe II moved the Royal Court to Madrid. At that time construction began on buildings and monuments in the area, now known as “Madrid de los Austrias”.

Historical characters of Madrid Province

Many famous characters in history have been born in the province of Madrid: Miguel de Cervantes, Francisco de Quevedo, Gloria Fuertes, Tirso de Molina, Lope de Vega, Calderón de la Barca, José Echegaray, Jacinto Benavente, Gregorio Marañón, José Ortega y Gasset, etc.

Townships in Madrid Province

The Region of Madrid is territorially arranged in 179 townships:

La Acebeda, Ajalvir, Alameda del Valle, El Álamo, Alcalá de Henares, Alcobendas, Alcorcón, Aldea del Fresno, Algete, Alpedrete, Ambite, Anchuelo, Aranjuez, Arganda del Rey, Arroyomolinos, El Atazar, Batres, Becerril de la Sierra, Belmonte de Tajo, El Berrueco, Berzosa del Lozoya, Boadilla del Monte, El Boalo, Braojos de la Sierra, Brea de Tajo, Brunete, Buitrago del Lozoya, Bustarviejo, Cabanillas de la Sierra, La Cabrera, Cadalso de los Vidrios, Camarma de Esteruelas, Campo Real, Canencia, Carabaña, Casarrubuelos, Cenicientos, Cercedilla, Cervera de Buitrago, Chapinería, Chinchón, Ciempozuelos, Cobeña, Collado Mediano, Collado Villalba, Colmenar de Oreja, Colmenar del Arroyo, Colmenar Viejo, Colmenarejo, Corpa, Coslada, Cubas de la Sagra, Daganzo de Arriba, El Escorial, Estremera, Fresnedillas de la Oliva, Fresno de Torote, Fuenlabrada, Fuente el Saz de Jarama, Fuentidueña de Tajo, Galapagar, Garganta de los Montes, Gargantilla del Lozoya y Pinilla de Buitrago, Gascones, Getafe, Griñón, Guadalix de la Sierra, Guadarrama, La Hiruela, Horcajo de la Sierra-Aoslos, Horcajuelo de la Sierra, Hoyo de Manzanares, Humanes de Madrid, Leganés, Loeches, Lozoya, Lozoyuela-Navas-Sieteiglesias, Madarcos, Madrid, Majadahonda, Manzanares el Real, Meco, Mejorada del Campo, Miraflores de la Sierra, El Molar, Los Molinos, Montejo de la Sierra, Moraleja de En medio, Moralzarzal, Morata de Tajuña, Móstoles, Navacerrada, Navalafuente, Navalgamella, Navalcarnero, Navarredonda y San Mamés, Navas del Rey, Nuevo Baztán, Olmeda de las Fuentes, Orusco de Tajuña, Paracuellos de Jarama, Parla, Patones, Pedrezuela, Pelayos de la Presa, Perales de Tajuña, Pezuela de las Torres, Pinilla del Valle, Pinto, Piñuécar-Gandullas, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Pozuelo del Rey, Prádena del Rincón, Puebla de la Sierra, Puentes Viejas, Quijorna, Rascafría, Redueña, Ribatejada, Rivas- Vaciamadrid, Robledillo de la Jara, Robledo de Chavela, Robregordo, Las Rozas de Madrid, Rozas de Puerto Real, San Agustín de Guadalix, San Fernando de Henares, San Lorenzo de El Escorial, San Martín de la Vega, San Martín de Valdeiglesias, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Santa María de la Alameda, Santorcaz, Los Santos de la Humosa, La Serna del Monte, Serranillos del Valle, Sevilla la Nueva, Somosierra, Soto del Real, Talamanca de Jarama, Tielmes, Titulcia, Torrejón de Ardoz, Torrejón de la Calzada, Torrejón de Velasco, Torrelaguna, Torrelodones, Torremocha de Jarama, Torres de la Alameda,Tres Cantos, Valdaracete, Valdeavero, Valdelaguna, Valdemanco, Valdemaqueda, Valdemorillo, Valdemoro, Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Valdepiélagos, Valdetorres de Jarama, Valdilecha, Valverde de Alcalá, Velilla de San Antonio, El Vellón, Venturada, Villa del Prado, Villaconejos, Villalbilla, Villamanrique de Tajo, Villamanta, Villamantilla, Villanueva de la Cañada, Villanueva de Perales, Villanueva del Pardillo, Villar del Olmo, Villarejo de Salvanés, Villaviciosa de Odón, Villavieja del Lozoya and Zarzalejo.

In turn, Madrid is divided into 21 districts, which in turn are sub-divided into quarters:

Center: Palacio, Embajadores, Cortes, Justicia, Universidad and Sol.

Arganzuela: Imperial, Acacias, La Chopera, Legazpi, Delicias, Palos de Moguer and Atocha.

Retiro: Pacífico, Adelfas, Estrella, Ibiza, Jerónimos and Niño Jesús.

Salamanca: Recoletos, Goya, Fuente del Berro, Guindalera, Lista and Castellana.

Chamartin: El Viso, Prosperidad, Ciudad Jardín, Hispanoamérica, Nueva España and Castilla.

Tetuán: Bellas Vistas, Cuatro Caminos, Castillejos, Almenara, Valdeacederas and Berruguete.

Chamberí: Gaztambide, Arapiles, Trafalgar, Almagro, Ríos Rosas and Vallehermoso.

Fuencarral - El Pardo: El Pardo, Fuentelarreina, Peñagrande, Barrio del Pilar, La Paz, Valverde, Mirasierra and El Goloso.

Moncloa - Aravaca: Casa de Campo, Argüelles, Ciudad Universitaria, Valdezarza, Valdemarín, El Plantío and Aravaca.

Latina: Los Cármenes, Puerta del Ángel, Lucero, Aluche, Campamento, Cuatro Vientos and Las Águilas.

Carabanchel: Comillas, Opañel, San Isidro, Vista Alegre, Puerta Bonita, Buenavista and Abrantes.

Usera:Orcasitas, Orcasur, San Fermín, Almendrales, Moscardó, El Zofío and Pradolongo.

Puente de Vallecas: Entrevías, San Diego, Palomeras Bajas, Palomeras Sureste, Portazgo and Numancia.

Moratalaz: Pavones, Horcajo, Marroquina, Media Legua, Fontarrón and Vinateros.

Ciudad Lineal: Ventas, Pueblo Nuevo, Quintana, La Concepción, San Pascual, San Juan Bautista, Colina, Atalaya and Costillares.

Hortaleza: Palomas, Piovera, Canillas, Pinar del Rey, Apóstol Santiago and Valdefuentes.

Villaverde: San Andrés, San Cristóbal, Butarque, Los Rosales and Los Ángeles.

Villa de Vallecas: Casco Histórico de Vallecas, Santa Eugenia and Ensanche de Vallecas.

Vicálvaro: Casco Histórico de Vicálvaro, Valdebernardo, Valderrivas and El Cañaveral.

San Blas - Canillejas: Simancas, Hellín, Amposta, Arcos, Rosas, Rejas, Canillejas and Salvador.

Barajas: Alameda de Osuna, Aeropuerto, Casco Histórico de Barajas, Timón and Corralejos.

Nature in Madrid Province

There are nine protected nature reserves in Madrid Province:

• Sierra de Guadarrama National Park
• Cuenca Alta del Manzanares Regional Park
• Cursos Bajos de los ríos Manzanares y Jarama Regional Park
• Curso Medio del río Guadarrama and surrounding area Regional Park
• Pinar de Abantos and Zona de la Herrera Picturesque Landscape
• El Regajal-Mar de Ontígola Nature Reserve
• Hayedo de Montejo de la Sierra Natural Site of National Interest
• Laguna de San Juan Wildlife Reserve
• Peña del Arcipreste de Hita Natural Monument of National Interest

Peaks over 2200 metros high in Madrid Province:

• Peñalara
• Cabezas de Hierro
• Cerro de Valdemartín
• Bola del Mundo
• Asómate de Hoyos
• La Maliciosa
• El Nevero

Communications in Madrid Province

• Metro: Route covering 294 kilometres and 301 stations. It is the third biggest Metro network in Europe in terms of kilometres, behind London and Moscow, and is one of the fastest ways of travelling around the city.
• Buses: A fleet of 2000 buses serve over more than 200 route lines. Moreover, the inter-urban buses operate 19,065 km on 324 lines.
• Local Railway: The local suburban railway network connects different parts of the city and towns within the Region of Madrid.
• E-bikes: BiciMAD is the ideal choice for short trips around the city centre.
• Shared electric vehicles: There are several companies who operate in Madrid with a fleet of electric cars, motorbikes and scooters.

Museums in Madrid Province

Madrid:

• Platform 0 Museum - Plaza de Chamberí
• Lope de Vega House Museum - Calle Cervantes, 11
• ABC Drawing and Illustration Museum - Calle Amaniel, 29
• Air Museum - A5, km 10,500
• América Museum - Avenida Reyes Católicos, 6
• National Archaeology Museum - Calle Serrano, 13
  
• Contemporary Art Museum - Calle Conde Duque, 9
• Public Art Museum - Paseo de la Castellana, 40
• Casa de la Moneda (Mint) Museum - Calle Doctor Esquerdo, 36
• Cerralbo Museum - Calle Ventura Rodríguez, 17
• Wax Museum - Paseo de Recoletos, 41
• Railway Museum - Paseo de las Delicias, 61
• Mining Museum - Calle Ríos Rosas, 23
• Madrid History Museum - Calle Fuencarral, 78
• Museum / C.AV. La Neomudéjar - Calle Antonio Nebrija s/n
• Lázaro Galdiano Museum - Calle Serrano, 122
• National Anthropology Museum - Calle Alfonso XII, 68
• National Natural Sciences Museum - Calle José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2
• National Romanticism Museum - Calle San Mateo, 13
• San Isidro Museum - Plaza de San Andrés, 2
• Sorolla Museum - Paseo General Martínez Campos, 37
• Prado Museum - Paseo del Prado, s/n
• Queen Sofía National Arts Centre Museum - Calle Santa Isabel, 52
• Traditional Dress Museum - Avenida Juan de Herrera, 2
• Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum - Paseo del Prado, 8
• CaixaForum - Paseo del Prado, 36
• San Fernando Royal Academy of Fine Arts - Calle de Alcalá, 13
• National Decorative Arts Museum - Calle de Montalbán, 12
• Naval Museum - Paseo del Prado, 5
• Madrid Bullfighting Museum - Calle de Alcalá, 237
• Spanish Aeronautical and Astronautical Museum - A5, km 10.7
• Channel Art Exhibition Center - Paseo de la Castellana, 214
• Carlos III Institute - Juan March - Calle de Castelló, 77
• La Almudena Cathedral Museum - Plaza de la Almudena
• Matadero Madrid - Paseo de la Chopera, 14
• Typhological Museum - Calle Coruña, 18

Madrid Province:

• Regional Archaeology Museum - Alcalá de Henares
• Cervantes Birthplace Museum - Alcalá de Henares
• Picasso Museum - Buitrago del Lozoya
• Lunar Museum - Fresnedillas de la Oliva
• Film Museum - Villarejo de Salvanés
• Wine Museum - Navalcarnero
• Ulpiano Checa Museum - Oreja
• Icon Museum - Casa Grande - Torrejón de Ardoz
• Royal Riverboat Museum - Aranjuez
• “Cocheras del Rey” History Museum - San Lorenzo de El Escorial
• Atazar Reservoir Museum - El Berrueco
• Insect Park - San Lorenzo de El Escorial
  

Restaurants in Madrid Province

Gastronomy in Madrid is one of the tourist attractions of the Region. Traditional set meals, varied tasting meals, Michelin star restaurants and choices for all tastes. Some of the most noteworthy restaurants in the Region of Madrid are listed as follows:

Parador de Alcalá de Henares, Casa Pablo, La Máquina de la Moraleja, Las Cuevas del Vino, El Cenador de Salvador, Horno de Asar Paco, Hostería de las Monjas, El Portillón, Palacio del Negralejo, Los Cerezos, Ad Libitum, El Roble, El Convento y El Bodegón, Azaya, El Poleo, Jiménez, Coque, Casa José, Chirón, La Fontanilla, El Mesón de Doña Filo, Urrechu, La Taberna de Elía, Charolés, Montia, El Candil de Rascafría, Hostería del Estudiante, Garnacha, La Chimenea, El Rincón de Luis, El Pradal, DiverXo, Mi Zaguán, Sergi Arola Gastro, Ramón Freixa, Ars Vivendi, El Qüenco de Pepa, El Trasgu, Alabaster, Kabuki Wellington, DSTAgE, La Terraza del Casino, Santceloni, El Club Allard, El Invernadero, Gaytán, A’Barra, Lúa, La Cabra, Punto MX, Montia, Álbora…

There are also some traditional marketplaces that have been renovated and adapted to provide gastronomy services, serving meals and also the possibility of buying produce, many of which serve gourmet food. Some of these former markets in the city of Madrid are as follows:

• San Antón Market
• San Fernando Market
• San Ildefonso Market
• San Miguel Market
• La Paz Market
• Antón Martín Market
• Chamberí Market
• Vallehermoso Market
• Platea Madrid